| 摘要: |
| 现行以市场为导向的农地产权制度安排是否会扩大农村社会的不平等？本文构建了一个“土地确权-要素配置-收入分配”的分析框架,并基于CHARLS2018年数据,运用RIF不平等处理效应模型探究了这一问题。研究发现：土地确权具有明显的增收效应,且对中低收入农户的增收效应远大于高收入农户,从而降低基尼系数,改善农户收入不平等程度。其作用机制是通过促进农地流转和农业劳动力转移实现的,土地和劳动力要素的自由流动有利于农户间收入达到均衡,缩小收入差距。但值得注意的是由于信贷发放的规模偏向,土地确权的信贷效应也会扩大农户间收入差距。因此,为实现共同富裕,应赋予农民更多土地财产权益、加快完善城乡要素市场、深入推进普惠金融发展。 |
| 关键词: 收入不平等 土地产权 基尼系数 RIF回归 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| Land Tenure, Factor Allocation and Farm Household Income Inequality：Empirical Analysis Based on CHARLS 2018 Data |
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School of Statistics, Renmin University of China
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| Abstract: |
| Does the current market-oriented property rights arrangement for agricultural land widen the inequality in rural society? This paper constructs an analytical framework of "land titling-factor allocation-income distribution" in an attempt to answer this question, and further employs a RIF-based inequality treatment effect model to empirically test the impact of farmland titling on farm household income inequality based on CHARLS2018 data. The results show that land titling has a significant income-increasing effect, and the income-increasing effect on low- and middle-income farmers is much larger than that on high-income farmers, thus reducing the Gini coefficient and improving the income inequality of farmers. The mechanism of its effect is realized by promoting the transfer of agricultural land and agricultural labor, and the free flow of land and labor factors is conducive to the equalization of income among farm households and the reduction of income disparity. However, it is worth noting that the credit effect of land titling can also widen the income gap among farm households due to the scale bias of credit disbursement. Based on this, this paper proposes that, in order to achieve common prosperity, policy recommendations should be made to grant farmers more property rights and interests in land, accelerate the improvement of urban and rural factor markets, and deeply promote the development of inclusive finance. |
| Key words: income inequality land property rights Gini coefficient RIF regression |